PART – I, CHAPTER 7
Exercise
1. Answer Very Briefly
(a) What is called weather?
Ans: Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time. It includes temperature, humidity, rainfall, cloudiness, and wind.
👉 Example: “Today is rainy and cool” describes the weather.
(b) What is called climate?
Ans: Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a long period of time, usually 25–30 years or more.
👉 Example: Assam has a humid and rainy climate.
(c) Name three factors of weather.
Ans: Three important factors of weather are:
- Temperature 🌡️
- Humidity 💧
- Wind 🌬️
(d) How many seasons are experienced in Assam in a year?
Ans: Assam experiences four main seasons:
- Summer ☀️
- Rainy Season 🌧️
- Autumn 🍂
- Winter ❄️
2. Difference Between Weather and Climate
| Weather | Climate |
|---|---|
| Weather is the short-term condition of the atmosphere. | Climate is the long-term average weather condition of a place. |
| It changes frequently. | It remains almost the same for many years. |
| It may change within hours or days. | It is studied over 25–30 years or more. |
| Example: Today is cloudy. | Example: Assam receives heavy rainfall every year. |
3. Darken the Circle of the Correct Answer
(i) Where are the temperate regions of the Earth located?
(a) North polar region
(b) South
(c) Equatorial region
(d) North and South of the equatorial region respectively ✅
Ans: (d) North and South of the equatorial region respectively.
(ii) Which is a kharif crop?
(a) Paddy ✅
(b) Mustard
(c) Potatoes
(d) Wheat
Ans: (a) Paddy.
👉 Kharif crops are grown during the rainy season.
4. Fill in the Blanks
(a) The average weather pattern taken over a long time is called ___.
Ans: Climate.
(b) Assam receives heavy rains during the monsoon season due to ____.
Ans: Southwest monsoon winds.
Additional Important Questions and Answers ✨
1. What is humidity?
Ans: Humidity is the amount of water vapour present in the air.
👉 High humidity makes the weather feel sticky.
2. Why does Assam receive heavy rainfall?
Ans: Assam receives heavy rainfall because of the southwest monsoon winds and the surrounding hills.
3. What instruments are used to measure weather?
Ans:
- Thermometer → Measures temperature 🌡️
- Rain gauge → Measures rainfall 🌧️
- Wind vane → Measures wind direction 🌬️
4. What are monsoon winds?
Ans: Monsoon winds are seasonal winds that bring heavy rainfall to India and Assam.
5. Which season is most suitable for paddy cultivation?
Ans: The rainy season is most suitable for paddy cultivation.
6. Why do we wear cotton clothes in summer?
Ans: Cotton clothes absorb sweat and keep our body cool.
7. Why do we wear woollen clothes in winter?
Ans: Woollen clothes keep our body warm by trapping heat.
Key Points to Remember 🧠
- Weather changes daily.
- Climate remains almost the same for many years.
- Assam receives heavy rainfall during monsoon.
- Paddy is a kharif crop.
- Humidity means water vapour in air.
Quick Revision Notes 📚
Weather
- Short-term atmospheric condition
- Changes frequently
- Includes rainfall, wind, humidity, temperature
Climate
- Long-term weather pattern
- Studied over many years
- Different regions have different climates
Fun Fact 🌍
The wettest place on Earth is Mawsynram in Meghalaya, India, which is very close to Assam!
Conclusion
Weather and climate are very important in our daily life. They influence agriculture, food habits, clothes, transportation, and festivals. Understanding weather helps us prepare for daily changes, while climate helps us understand the long-term condition of a place.
Students should remember that weather changes quickly, but climate changes very slowly over many years.
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